1a)  Coal-fired plants produce smog, which prevents visibility.

1b) Normal rainfall has a pH of 5-5.5 (see here), so a rainfall 10 times more acidic would mean that it has a pH of 4-4.5.

2a) You will use less electricity, therefore you create lesser demand for electricity, and therefore, power plants will generate lesser electricity. This will bring down the amount of SOx released into the atmosphere.

2b) The amount of nitrogen oxide produced by the automobiles will be reduced.

2c) Less electricity is being used, and the water would be cleaner and less polluted from chemicals arising from the detergents and other chemicals. Less resources also will be used to clean that “dirty water”.

2d) Reduce electricity to heat the water, by preventing heat loss.

2e) Reduces transportation. But this answer is not always true, as some plants that are required for subsistence may not be native. Therefore, greenhouses must be built, which requires massive amounts of energy creation.

3a) Acids: Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), fluorosulfuric acid (HSO3F), nitric acid (HNO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and fluoroboric acid (HBF4).

Bases: Lithium hydroxide (LiOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), rubiclium hydroxide (RbOH) and cesium hydroxide (CsOH).

3b) Acids: Sour in taste, reacts with metals, turns blue litmus red

Bases: Bitter in taste, slippery when dissolved in water, turn red litmus blue

4) According to the Department of Environmental and Climate Change in Canada, Canada has taken several steps since the early 1980s (it has detected acid rain in the 1960s) to reduce its acid rain problem. Among these are:

– Cap the production of SO2 at 2.3 million tonnes in the seven Canadian easternmost regions, to be met from 1994 and maintained from 1994 to 2000.

– Work with the US government to reduce the flows of acid pollution from the US into Canada

– Signed the US-Canada Air Quality Agreement of 1991, which led to the monitoring of emissions, reduction of sulphur and nitrogen oxide emissions

In Singapore, we generally do not have acid rain. However, haze (air pollution) is a major problem in Singapore. Haze is created by the mass burning of forests in Indonesia. This is usually done at the start of the farming season, when Farmers burn the land to make the soil more fertile for the next batch of crops. Haze disrupts daily activities, reduces visibility and aggravates health issues for those who are particularly susceptible to air pollution.