Posted on by achua012

Application Exercise 5

  1. Ways to purify water while hiking:
    a. Heating the collected water and collecting the condensed watero04-water_stillBoiling helps to remove microorganisms by killing them however it cannot remove any chemical contamination of the water. Boiling cause environmental pollution as it can release carbon monoxide and soot to the environment.

    b. Purify water using iodine.
    downloadLike boiling, iodine helps to remove microorganisms but cannot remove any chemical contamination. It takes a shorter time compared to boiling however tablets are more costly. Additionally, it is not advisable to take this in the long run as there are adverse health effects for pregnant women and people with thyroid conditions.

    c. Filtering water with a filtering device.

    Filtration can remove many microorganisms that cannot be removed by iodine or boiling. It also takes the fastest amount of time. However it is more costly thank heating or using iodine.

  2. Desalination techniques such as reverse osmosis and distillation are expensive even though they are effective.
  3. a) Sources include corrosion of lead pipes, solder drinking fountains and water tanks.b) It does not contribute to the elevated lead levels as the drinking and research waste pipes should be separated hence the by products do not go into the water source.
  4. Water soluble vitamins are polar whereas fat soluble vitamins are non polar. To dissolve in water, the molecules have to be polar to favour hydrogen bonding with water molecules. Whereas, for fat soluble vitamins, they have to be non polar to form hydrophobic interactions with the fat molecules to dissolve in them.